Applying privacy-enhancing technologies, such as homomorphic encryption, secure enclaves (also known as confidential computing or trusted execution environments) and differential privacy, presents challenges, primarily due to the gap between technical capabilities and legal requirements. While these technologies provide robust technical solutions for privacy protection, aligning them with flexible and often broad legal standards is complex. This challenge is exacerbated by the rapidly evolving nature of both technology and legal frameworks, necessitating continuous adaptation and dialogue between technologists, legal experts, and policymakers. Successful application of these technologies requires a deep understanding of both the technical nuances of privacy protection and the broader social and legal implications.